However, each had in common a sedentary lifestyle, a dependence on agriculture, and a unique ceremonial and trading system.Įxcerpted from the book, ' Hohokam Indians of the Tucson Basin' by Linda M. The Gila and Salt River valleys remained the heartland of the Hohokam culture through time.Īs in the Tucson Basin, the culture of the Hohokam in areas outside the heartland varied in small ways. This occupation extended from Gila Bend on the west to Globe on the east, and from the north near Flagstaff to near the Arizona-Mexico border in the south. The Tucson Basin Indians were a small part of the total Hohokam occupation of southern Arizona. These people, known today as the Pimas and Papagos, were encountered by the Spanish in the 1600s, when they first entered the Tucson Basin.
do NOT contact me with unsolicited services or offers. Please call, email or text, if you text or email please send pictures. I will buy all cultures Mimbres Salado Anasazi Hohokam Casas Grandes. The reasons for these cultural changes are not clear, but environmental deterioration (perhaps including droughts) and changes in social organization brought about by the collapse of major cultures in Mesoamerica have both been suggested as possible causes.īy 1500, the Tucson Basin Indians had resumed to living in scattered, Hohokam-like rancherías. looking to buy old southwest pottery, stone, shell, and arrowheads, one pc. 1250, villagers began building adobe-walled houses, and Hohokam potters innovated new designs and created a pottery style that was widely copied by groups around the Tucson Basin.īy 1350, some people had moved into a few large communities composed of abovegound, apartment-like dwellings, but the population as a whole seems to have declined. 1100, influence from the heartland Hohokam began to dwindle, and cultural ties were strengthened with the Mogollon people to the north and east, resulting in a blend of Hohokam and Mogollon traits in the Tucson Basin.Īround A.D. However, they also retained, in part, the seasonal hunting and gathering of their Archaic predecessors.Ībout half of their food was cultivated in fields, and the rest was collected by villagers who maintained seasonal camps in the mountains and foothills.Īfter A.D. These Tucson Basin Hohokam were soon trading for seashells, copying from the Hohokam heartland, and using such typical goods as carved stone bowls and clay human figurines. They began making pottery and digging ditches to water the newly arrived Hohokam varieties of corn, beans, squash, and cotton. The adopted the Hohokam "ranchería" style of living, where people occupied widely separated house groups within a village. The Archaic people, living in small scattered camps in the basin, gradually absorbed the new lifeway. These early villagers introduced a new lifeway into the area. 200, a few Hohokam families apparently moved to the Tucson Basin and built their homes along the Santa Cruz and Rillito rivers. As their population grew, they began settling areas around the Gila-Salt heartland.Īt about A.D. ReinhardĪbout 300 B.C., the Hohokam, an agricultural group, migrated from Mexico into southern Arizona and settled in villages along the Salt and Gila rivers. Their weapon crafting was more sophisticated than surrounding tribes. The Hohokam were known to make very fine dart points with serrated edges, in addition to a thin design, which would increase lethalitythese are major identifiers. It is likely from the early Hohokam culture. To read about another culture who occupied the ancient American Southwest, go to " On the Trail of the Mimbres.Hohokam Indians of the Tucson Basin AUTHOR: Linda M. This arrowhead is in great condition and still sharp. The remains have been transported to Tucson so that they may be returned to the appropriate descendant community, likely the Tohono O'odham Nation that is now resident in the region. "It's at a nice bend at the Santa Cruz River, so you can see how it would have been a nice area for a Hohokam village," he said. The archaeological site now occupied by the golf course was a vast Hohokam settlement, Watson explained, though it's unclear whether the human remains came from a single burial or a larger cemetery. Watson of the University of Arizona and the Arizona State Museum determined that the human remains belonged to a member of the Hohokam, a Native American group that lived in the area from about A.D. NOGALES, ARIZONA- Nogales International reports that human remains belonging to a Hohokam individual were discovered by maintenance crews at a golf resort near the Arizona-Mexico border.
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